Tuesday, March 31, 2015

Sacred Honor


Sacred Honor

            I am a chaplain with the honorary rank of captain with the United States Volunteers/America. This is a veterans’ service organization, which claims the legacy of Teddy Roosevelt’s “Rough Riders”.  We provide “Final Military Honors” at veterans’ funerals and committal services at National Cemeteries.
            I was recently called by the commander of California’s 31st Regiment to provide services for a “Rosie to Riveter”.  She had assembled aircraft in World War Two.
            I came up with the texts for two services and ran off programs for each. I put on my modified Army Service Uniform aka Dress Blues and got into a rental car. I drove nearly 40 miles to get to the funeral home. There I was met by a crowd of 75 people including uniformed Veterans of Foreign Wars members, who folded the flag off the casket and played. Taps. I, of course, lead worship.
            After an interval we formed a funeral procession.  Veterans on motorcycles with flags provided an escort. We drove over sixty miles to Sacramento Valley National Cemetery.
            Once at the cemetery, there was another interval. As we offered the appropriate prayers, we were accompanied by veterans on horseback with flags.
            After I gave my final benediction, I got in my rental car for a long drive home. Along the way I realized what a “Sacred honor” it had been to be the chaplain at these two services.

In Christ,

Chaplain (Capt.) Edgar S. Welty, Jr. United States Volunteers/America

Aka.     Rev. Edgar S. Welty, United Church of Christ
Also:    Spec Five Welty, HQ Co. 18th. Eng. Bde. U. S. Army, 1976-1980
            Member:             Disabled American Veterans
                                    Scottish-American Military Society
                                    Vets to Vets
    

Sunday, March 22, 2015

How to Pray the Rosary


How to Pray the Rosary

·  Make the Sign of the Cross and say the "Apostles' Creed."
·  Say the "Our Father."
·  Say three "Hail Marys."
·  Announce the First Mystery; then say the "Our Father."
·  Say ten "Hail Marys," while meditating on the Mystery.
·  Announce the Second Mystery; then say the "Our Father." Repeat 6 and 7 and continue with Third, Fourth and Fifth Mysteries in the same manner

After the Rosary:
HAIL, HOLY QUEEN, Mother of Mercy, our life, our sweetness and our hope! To thee do we cry, poor banished children of Eve; to thee do we send up our sighs, mourning and weeping in this vale of tears. Turn then, most gracious advocate, thine eyes of mercy toward us, and after this our exile, show unto us the blessed fruit of thy womb, Jesus. O clement, O loving, O sweet Virgin Mary!
V. Pray for us, O Holy Mother of God.
R. That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ.
Let us pray. O GOD, whose only begotten Son, by His life, death, and resurrection, has purchased for us the rewards of eternal life, grant, we beseech Thee, that meditating upon these mysteries of the Most Holy Rosary of the Blessed Virgin Mary, we may imitate what they contain and obtain what they promise, through the same Christ Our Lord. Amen.

Holy Week at Grace Cathedral in San Francisco


Holy Week at Grace Cathedral in San Francisco

Sunday, March 29, 2015 11 am
The Sunday of the Passion: Palm Sunday
On the Sunday of the Passion: Palm Sunday we hold a single, combined Eucharist and Palm Procession at 11 a.m. Sung by the Grace Cathedral Choir of Men & Boys. Everyone is invited to join the Palm Procession. 
The Rev. Canon Elizabeth Grundy will preside; the Rev. Canon Dr. Randal Gardner will preach. 
At 6 p.m. on the Sunday of the Passion, we will pray the Stations of the Cross
- See more at: http://www.gracecathedral.org/calendar/detail.php?cid=19509#sthash.4eB4pGJx.dpuf

Sunday, March 29, 2015 6 pm to 7 pm
Stations of the Cross
As the Grace Cathedral community prepares for Holy Week, we will pray the Stations of the Cross at 6 p.m. on Palm Sunday, the Sunday of the Passion. 
Stations of the Cross is an ancient walking meditation drawn from the practice of Christians in the Holy City of Jerusalem, which symbolically retraces the steps of Jesus from his condemnation to his crucifixion, before he was laid in a borrowed tomb by his faithful followers.  

This year’s Stations are adapted from a forthcoming book which combines etchings by Margaret Adams Parker with theological reflections from the Rev. Katherine Sonderegger. The service leaflet will include full-page copies of the etchings, a true keepsake.- See more at http://www.gracecathedral.org/calendar/detail.php?cid=25815#sthash.1fl5e189.dpuf

Wednesday, April 1, 2015 6 pm to 7 pm
The Office of Tenebrae
Based on the monastic prayer service of "vigils" or "readings," Tenebrae, which means "darkness" or "shadows," is a simple, yet powerful Scriptural and musical meditation on the Passion. Employing psalms and chants, this reflective service focuses on the darkness of the crucifixion and death of Jesus. Candles are extinguished one at a time during the solemn service until the church is shrouded in darkness. A single light returns to prefigure the Resurrection.
This service is sung by Cathedral Choir of Men and Boys and officiated by the Rev. Canon Elizabeth Grundy. Click here to view the full liturgical music list.
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Thursday, April 2, 2015 6 pm to 7 pm
The Liturgy of Maundy Thursday
At 6 p.m., worshipers gather in the Cathedral for the Evening Mass of the Lord's Supper, hearing the Bible stories of the Passover meal and of the Last Supper, which Jesus shared with his disciples. At that meal, Jesus shocked his followers by acting out the role of the servant, kneeling down to wash their feet, an action re-created as clergy and worshipers wash one another's feet. The service then continues with Holy Communion, concluding with the "stripping of the altars"  (removing many of the furnishings from the Cathedral), in preparation for the stark services of Good Friday.
Our bishop, the Rt. Rev. Marc Handley Andrus, will preside; the Rev. Canon Lesley Hay will preach. Click here to view the full liturgical music list.

Friday, April 3, 2015 1 pm
Pilgrimage to Calvary
Take time to focus and contemplate the sacrifice Jesus Christ made for us at this one-hour service by listening to reflections from the foot of the Cross, joining in prayer, and singing Good Friday and TaizĂ© music.  
Please note: Street parking around the cathedral remains subject to regular weekday parking rules, and cars on the north side of Sacramento Street after 4 p.m. are likely to be towed by the city. In general, parking is limited; click here for information about public transit and nearby parking garages.

Friday, April 3, 2015 3 pm
The Liturgy of Good Friday
Among the oldest Christian liturgies, our Good Friday celebration includes hearing the Passion according to the Gospel of John chanted to traditional tones; the Solemn Collects; and the ritual of the Veneration of the Cross.  
Our bishop, the Rt. Rev. Marc Handley Andrus, will preside; the Very Rev. Dr. Alan Jones, our Dean Emeritus, will preach. Click here to view the full liturgical music list.
Nursery care available in the Wilsey Conference Center on the lower level of the Cathedral.
Please note: Street parking around the cathedral remains subject to regular weekday parking rules, and cars on the north side of Sacramento Street after 4 p.m. are likely to be towed by the city. In general, parking is limited; click here for information about public transit and nearby parking garages.






Saturday, April 4, 2015 9 pm
The Great Vigil of Easter
The less well-known, but actually primary and most ancient Easter service, is the Great Vigil. The service begins entirely in darkness and illumined by the kindling of the new fire, the lighting of the giant Easter candle, and candles for the worshipers. After the chanting of the Easter proclamation (the Exsultet), vigil is kept with the reading of the ancient stories of Creation, the Flood and the Exodus, and prophecies pertaining to new life and resurrection. Water is blessed and adults who have been prepared are baptized in accord with ancient practice. Then the restraint of the vigil gives way to Easter joy and brilliance and the first Holy Eucharist of Easter is celebrated with triumphal splendor.
Our bishop, the Rt. Rev. Marc Handley Andrus, will preside and preach. Click here to view the full liturgical music list.
Parking is limited; click here for information about public transit and nearby parking garages.

Sunday, April 5, 2015 8:30 am
Easter Day: Choral Eucharist
The celebrations of Holy Week continue on Easter Day with this joyful service of Holy Eucharist with congregational hymns and chants, organ music and a sermon. The Rev. Canon Lesley Hay will preside; the Rev. Andy Lobban will preach. 
Nursery care available on a first come-first served basis in the nurseryClick here to view the full liturgical music list.
Parking is limited; click here for information about public transit and nearby parking garages.

Sunday, April 5, 2015 11 am
Easter Day: Choral Eucharist with Brass & Timpani
The celebrations of Holy Week continue on Easter Day with this joyful service of Holy Eucharist with congregational hymns and chants with sermon and Holy Communion. Our music will be enhanced with brass and timpani, and the Choir of Men and Boys will sing. Our bishop, the Rt. Rev. Marc Handley Andrus, will preside and preach. Click here to view the full liturgical music list.
Nursery care available on a first come-first served basis in the nursery.  Parking is limited; click here for information about public transit and nearby parking garages.



Sunday, April 5, 2015 6 pm to 7 pm
6 pm Holy Eucharist: Easter Evening
The celebrations of Holy Week continue into Easter evening with a joyful service of Holy Eucharist. 
This simple, reflective service includes prayer and scripture readings, silence and singing, a sermon and Holy Communion.  
Parking is limited; click here for information about public transit and nearby parking garages.
Where: The Indoor Labyrinth
- See more at: http://www.gracecathedral.org/calendar/detail.php?cid=18694#sthash.FEoRBcA9.dpuf






-          


Holy Week at St. John’s



 Holy Week at St. John’s


Holy Week is the most sacred time of the Christian year, and the liturgies for this week are some of the richest, most ancient, and most interesting. We strongly encourage you to prioritize Church attendance during this week
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you will be amazed how much richer and more meaningful Easter celebrations will be when you have attended one or more services during the week.

Palm Sunday (
March 29 at 8am, 9am, 10am)
Palm Sunday is a moving and dramatic service
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Holy Week in miniature, beginning with a celebration of Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem as the crowds proclaim him king and ending with a reading of the story of Jesus’ arrest, abandonment, and crucifixion followed by silence. All services will include a procession with palms; the 10am service
will begin on the terrace between the Church and Offices.
After the procession at the 10am service, there will be Sunday School for children.

Maundy Thursday
Agape Meal
(April 2 at 6pm)
This service invites us to remember Jesus’ Last supper as we celebrate
the Eucharist together in the form of a simple shared meal in the Parish Hall.
Our meal will include prayers, readings from scripture, singing, and reflection on the story of Jesus' last meal with his disciples. The meal is followed by a service of footwashing in imitation of Jesus, and a prayerful procession into the church for the beginning of the all-night altar watch. Please RSVP to the church office
byMonday, March 30

All-Night Altar Watch
(April 2)
3 Thursday night to Friday morning)In an effort to respond to Jesus' invitation to the disciples to "watch with me one hour,” we keep the Church open all
night for prayer and meditation. The Altar Watch begins at the conclusion of the Maundy Thursday service, and ends just before the Good Friday service. Look for the sign up board in the back of the church on Sundays.

Good Friday Service
(April 3 at Noon)
The service of Good Friday begins at noon and lasts for one hour. It includes readings and hymns, prayers, and the veneration of the Cross. Following the service, the Church remains open until 5pm for individual prayer and
meditation. We provide a booklet with reflections based on the Stations of the Cross. Children are welcome at all our services.

Good Friday
Evening
Labyrinth Walk
(April 3 at 8pm)
Pray, reflect, and enter the mystery of Holy Week as we walk the labyrinth together. Our Music Director, Dr. Lenore Alford will play
meditative piano music by Philip Glass.

The Great Vigil of Easter
(April 4 at 7pm)
In this ancient service, the darkness of Good Friday is transformed in to the fire of Resurrection, and we proclaim the risen Christ. Children are welcome. The service is the climax of the Church year, with baptisms, darkness and candlelight, along with prayers and music unique to this special night.

Easter Sunday
(April 5at 8am, 9am, and 10am)
Children are welcome at all three services: 8am, 9am, and 10am. The 9am Family Service happens in the parish hall, with some special Easter additions. The 10am service includes Nursery Care for children age 0 to preK, but no
Sunday School. Please bring a flower to the service to add to the Resurrection Cross!

A Bout With the Doubts by William Nickles


A Bout With the Doubts by William Nickles

John 20:19-20:31

I know we all have heard about Thomas. “Doubting Thomas;” poor ole doubting Thomas. The guy has caught grief
for 2000 years and my guess is that he will catch grief for the next 2000 years – or until the Lord returns. To be
honest, I feel for the guy. Our tradition has singled him out as having an inferior faith because he actually
expressed his doubt in the resurrection. He made his reservations known out-loud. And because of that he has the
dubious distinction of being the poster child for skepticism. But you know what is even worse for ole Thomas is
that most people know what a “Doubting Thomas” is even if they have never heard this biblical story. His name is
simply synonymous with doubt. All you have to do is pick up a Webster’s Dictionary and there it is. Actually, it is in
two places: under “d” for doubt and under “t” for Thomas. According to Webster the definition for a “doubting
Thomas” is a habitually doubtful person. Habitually?! Goodness, we don’t know a whole lot about Thomas, but the
only time – the only time – we see his doubtful side is in this story. So, I think ’habitually’ might be overstating the
case just a little bit.

But in any case, we still are left with a man who appears to have a crack in his wall of faith through which a little
doubt is oozing out. And can you really blame him? What he is asked to accept is fantastic. And keep in mind he is
hearing about the resurrection second hand. The other disciples had the advantage of seeing Jesus in person a
few days prior. So, for Thomas, not having had the encounter with the risen Lord, this tale being spun by the
delirious disciples is a bit unbelievable. Even for us who have the benefit of knowing the end of the story, this
seems unreal. I mean it is not every day that we hear about folks rising from the dead. In fact, I think I would go
out on a limb and say that it is a fairly rare event.

So, Thomas, having heard the news that the disciples saw Jesus alive, was understandable skeptical. Put yourself
in Thomas’ shoes for a minute. Just like Thomas, pretend that you have never heard the story of Jesus’
resurrection. And one day, after having attended a funeral for a friend, someone comes up to you and says
excitedly, “You’ll never guess who I saw at Winn Dixie today. She looks great! Heck, to look at her, you’d never
guess that she died last week.”

Think how you would react to that. I think my first concern would be for this person’s emotional well-being. My
second thought would be that whoever my friend saw must obviously bear a striking resemblance to my deceased
friend. The idea that someone would be walking around after having died the previous week is so far beyond the
realm of possibility that I wouldn’t even entertain the thought of it. And my guess is that not many of you would
either. And yet, we somehow expect Thomas to accept this news in a matter-of-fact way; like this was no
surprise at all.

Poor ole Thomas has the become the scapegoat for the church which sometimes says that doubt is wrong; or that
it is somehow less than faithful to need a sign, or a touch, or a vision, or a personal encounter. We get the
impression that we are not allowed to ask the hard questions without being labeled a cynic, or a skeptic, or a
liberal. Since when are questions bad? Since when is it wrong to admit that we don’t understand everything? Since
when is it wrong to ask God to clarify something? Read the account of Job, or the Psalms. Both are filled with
uncertainties, complaints, and questions of God. Even Jesus while hanging on the cross cried out to God, “Eli, Eli,
Lema Sebacchtini – My God, My God, why have you forsaken me?” Thomas is just one in a long line of faithful
people who have raised their voices to ask the hard yet faithful questions.

Folks, faith lies in conversation. I guess what I am saying is that faith is really what prompts the conversation.
Faith is when we are willing to embrace the doubts, ask the questions, and face the answers. Faith is believing in
something that is beyond our ability to comprehend it, but it is not afraid to try.

I think this story is a testimony to the difficulty of faith – how hard it is to believe. Faith takes work, because it
puts us in uncomfortable places and begs us to ask tough questions. I also think this story validates our need for
God’s touch. It says that it is okay for us to ask questions of God and… to wish for a personal encounter. There is
nothing cut-and-dried about the Christian faith. It cannot be reduced to a set of rules, where everything fits,
where everything makes sense, where all we have to do is to connect the dots. That is the kind of thing the
Pharisees tried to do. They tried to explain everything in a formula; to make all of life so that it could be answered
by a set of rules. And if it didn’t fit within that set of rules they rejected it as heresy or blasphemy. And
consequently, their hearts were closed to the renewing of Christ simply because he didn’t meet the criteria. Their
unwillingness to look "outside the box" blinded thems to the miracle of Jesus Christ who stood in their presence.

God comes in places where we sometimes least expect it, showing us that “possibility” has nothing to do with our
being able to explain it. Sometimes our faith asks us to look outside the box; to color outside the lines and to
believe some things that the rest of the world says are ridiculous. Or... our faith may ask us to do things that the
rest of the world says are folly.

But, like Thomas, faith begins with an encounter. It has to begin with an encounter, because without it we are
unable to believe. Without an encounter with God, the resurrection seems as silly as seeing Elvis in the grocery
store buying peanuts. It is ridiculous. But an encounter with the risen Christ changes all of that. Suddenly, the
absurd becomes a new reality, and rules which once governed our believing - and our dis-believing - are blurred.
And even the lines between life and death, which once seemed so absolute, are crossed.

Make no mistake about it this is a story of doubt, but it is also a story of God’s ability to change that doubt into
faith – not erase the doubt, but overcome it with an irresistible encounter with the impossible. Faith is that crazy
thing that allows us to believe when everything else says, “impossible.” This story is important because when we
can see the possible through our own cloudy, disbelieving eyes, we suddenly can see an entire world of possibility
far beyond what skepticism would allow. God has overcome the grave, and now God even overcomes those things
that lead to our death – things like disbelief, fear, hatred, and narrowness.

And even though this is a story of doubt, it is the miracle of faith that we are ultimately left with. Minds are
opened, hearts swell with the words, “My Lord and my God!” All because of a personal touch and a vision of our
Lord. Without it, we just continue to wallow around in our own doubt, or remain a hostage by the world’s rules
that cling to the impossibilities.

I began this sermon by sticking up for poor ole Thomas. And I think his reputation needs a little polishing. He really
wasn’t such a bad guy. In fact, he was no different from the other disciples; he was just a week late! The other
disciples also needed a personal encounter with the risen Jesus JUST AS MUCH AS THOMAS DID. Read the story
again. I think you will see that all of them reacted with fear and disbelief at first.

Faith and understanding began only after Jesus made himself known personally to each of them. And isn’t it
exactly the same for us. We remain solidly in our own skepticism until the Lord breaks through the locked doors of
our hearts. The miraculous news in all of this is that God searches and finds us even when we don’t want to be
found. Even when we lock ourselves away from the world; even when we try to keep out the good news, Jesus
breaks through that door.

The stone door that barred the tomb couldn’t restrain him. He had conquered death and he was going to make it
known to his friends and to the world. And no flimsy wooden door could stop him from coming into the disciples’
room. And when they saw him they rejoiced. They cried out in faith. And for the rest of us as well, the Lord
appears breathing his Spirit into our hearts literally blowing away that mountain of doubt.
We all need a personal encounter with the Lord before we can declare, “my Lord and my God.” A second-hand
Jesus just will never do. We need God to break into our locked hearts and to give us that encounter.

I suppose what I am trying to say is that we have all been doubting Thomas’ at some point in our lives. But it is
into our doubting and searching hearts where Jesus breaks in and reveals himself to us. God knows our need for a
first-hand encounter. That is why God came to us in the person of Jesus -- took on flesh so that we could see
him, touch him, hear him, and be touched by him. And he died for all of us -- died on a cross, raised up for all to
see. We have been given a vision of God’s sacrificial love in the person of Jesus. And we are touched by God’s
Holy Spirit, who breaks through and breathes life into our faithless and doubting hearts, causing us to cry like
Thomas, “my Lord and my God.”

The end of the text we read this morning declares, “these things are written so that you may come to believe that
Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that through believing you may have life in his name.” After the Lord
breaks into our hearts and we have declared “my Lord and my God,” there is a life that proceeds from that point.
God calls us out of our locked rooms into the world. When we declare our faith we can no longer sequester
ourselves in the safety of silence and detachment. We are called to show our faith for the sake of others. So,
when others hear our testimony, may they not simply hear words, but may they see Jesus Christ alive in our
hearts and lives. The ways we love each other; the ways we respond to those in need; the ways we are
responsible with all God has entrusted to us will be visible evidence of Jesus’ presence in our lives. Others will
come to faith, not by what we say, but by the way we live God’s love. Be a vision of Christ for someone today.
Let’s help someone have a first-hand encounter with the living Christ in the way we open our hearts to others.
Amen.


Tuesday, March 17, 2015

A SERVICE OF HOPE IN THE RESURECTION


A SERVICE OF HOPE IN THE RESURECTION
Rev Edgar Welty
GATHERING TO HEAR GOD’S WORD

Invocation

Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the source of all mercy and the God of all consolation.  He comforts us in all our sorrows so that we can comfort others in their sorrows with the consolation we ourselves have received from God.           Thanks be to God

Scripture Romans 6:3-5

When we were baptized in Christ Jesus, we were baptized into his death.  We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, so that, as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might live a new life.  For if we have been united with Christ in a death like his, we will certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his.
Prayers
The Lord be with you             And also with you
Let us pray.          O God, who gave us birth, you are ever more ready to hear than we are to pray.  You know our needs before we ask, and our ignorance in asking.  Show us now your grace, that as we face the mystery of death we may see the light of eternity.  Speak to us once more your solemn message of life and of death.  Help us to live as those who are prepared to die.  And when our days here are ended, enable us to die as those who go forth to live, so that living or dying, our life may be in Jesus Christ our risen Lord. Amen.

HEARING GOD’S WORD

Lesson Romans 8:38-39
I am convinced that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor rulers, nor things present, nor things to come, nor powers, nor height, nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.
The Word of the Lord!                    Thanks be to God!

Psalm 23 LBW (Read Responsively) Pastor Congregation

The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not be in want.

He makes me lie down in green pastures; and leads me beside still waters.

He revives my soul and guides me along right pathways for his name’s sake.

Though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death,

I shall fear no evil; for you are with me; your rod and your staff they comfort me.  You spread a table before me in the presence of those who trouble me;

you have anointed my head with oil; and my cup is running over.

Surely your goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life;

and I will dwell in the house of the LORD forever.

Gospel as Fulfillment of Ancient Prophecy John 10:14; Isaiah. 40:11

Jesus said: I am the good shepherd.  I know my own and my own know me.  He will feed his flock like a shepherd; he will gather the lambs in his arms, and carry them in his bosom.           The Word of the Lord!          Thanks be to God!
Sermon “Resurrection” Reverend Edgar S. Welty
Rock of Ages
1. Rock of Ages, cleft for me,                           2. While I draw this fleeting breath,
    Let me hide myself in thee;                              When mine eyes shall close in death,
    Let the water and the blood,                        When I soar to worlds unknown,
    From thy wounded side which flowed,          See thee on thy judgment throne,
    Be of sin the double cure;                                 Rock of Ages, cleft for me,
    Save from wrath and make me pure.              Let me hide myself in thee.

Litany of the Resurrection

Let us pray.                    Almighty God, you have knit your chosen people together in one communion, in the mystical body of your Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.  Give to your whole Church in heaven and on earth your light and your peace.
Hear us Lord.
Grant that all who have been baptized into Christ’s death and resurrection may die to sin and rise to newness of life and that through the grave and gate of death we may pass with him to our joyful resurrection
Hear us Lord.
Grant to us who are still in our pilgrimage, and who walk as yet by faith, that your Holy Spirit may lead us in holiness and righteousness all our days.
Hear us Lord.
Grant to your faithful people pardon and peace, that we may be cleansed from all our sins and serve you with a quiet mind.
Hear us Lord.
Grant to all who mourn a sure confidence in your loving care, that, casting all their sorrow on you, they may know the consolation of your love.
Hear us Lord.
Give courage and faith to those who are bereaved, that they may have strength to meet the days ahead in the comfort of a holy and certain hope, and in the joyful expectation of eternal life with those they love.
Hear us Lord.
Help us we pray, in the midst of things we cannot understand, to believe and trust in the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, and the resurrection to life everlasting.
Hear us Lord.

Litany of the Resurrection-Continued

Grant us peace to entrust Doris Wischow to your never failing love which sustained her in this life.  Receive her into the arms of your mercy, and remember her according to the favor you bear for your people. Hear us Lord.
God of all grace, you sent your Son our Savior Jesus Christ to bring life and immortality to light. We give you thanks because by his death Jesus destroyed the power of death and by his resurrection has opened the kingdom of heaven to all believers.  Make us certain that because he lives we shall live also, and that neither death nor life, nor things present nor things to come shall be able to separate us from your love which is in Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns in with you and the Holy Spirit, one God now and forever.  Amen
The Lord’s Prayer KJV (Please stand.)
Let us pray as Jesus has taught us: Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be Thy name, Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, & forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us: &lead us not into temptation but deliver us from evil.  For thine is the kingdom, the power, & the glory forever & ever. A-

Commendation and Scattering of Ashes

In to your hands, O merciful Savior, we commend your servant, Doris Wischow.  Acknowledge, we humbly beseech you, a sheep of your fold, a lamb of your own flock, a sinner of your own redeeming.  Receive her into the arms of your mercy, into the blessed rest of everlasting peace, and into the glorious company of the saints in light.          Amen    GOING FORTH IN THE HOPE OF GOD’S WORD
Charge: Let us go forth in peace.  In the name of Christ, Amen 
Blessing:          The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God,
and the communion of the Holy Spirit be with you all. Amen.

Sermon for Easter


Sermon for Easter -- And this is Life!

     Dear friends in Christ, grace to you and peace, from God our Father, and His Son, our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ.  Amen.

     Let’s try this one more time: He is risen! (He is risen, indeed). And that is why we have gathered in this place today; to celebrate that life-changing, future-altering, remarkably astounding fact of our faith. Jesus has risen from the dead. No other event has changed the course of human history as much as the resurrection of Jesus Christ. Years on the calendar are determined by it. Entire civilizations have been shaped by it. More books have been written regarding it than about any other subject in history. The resurrection has captured the hope and the passion of every generation for the past 2000 years. And today we have the joy and privilege to gather in this place and consider once again how it has touched our lives forever.

     Now having said that, I must also add that there is not universal understanding of the events of that first Easter Day. A case in point would be the pastor who invited the children to come forward one Easter morning to tell HIM why we celebrate Easter. Why do we celebrate Easter: One little girl said “Because last Easter, I got a chocolate bunny.” A second child said “Because the Easter Bunny hides Easter eggs at our house.” Though the pastor was discouraged by this lack of understanding, he asked again, and a third child said “Because Jesus died on the cross on Easter.” It wasn’t quite right, but it was headed in the right direction, so he tried one more time. The last child said “Easter is when Jesus came out of the grave.” YES! They finally got it, but then the child continued “And if he sees his shadow, we have six more weeks of winter!”

     The truth of that first Easter Day is written in the four gospels of the bible: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. Each of them tells the story just a little bit differently, but one common feature shared by them all is that it was women who were the first to know that Jesus was alive. Perhaps it was because embalming the body was women’s work, I don’t know; but in each gospel account, it was a woman or women who arose early on Sunday to go to the tomb where Jesus lay.

     So this is where we begin today, by following Mary Magdalene in the darkness. She was expecting to find a cave, its entrance sealed by a giant rock, and perhaps surrounded by Roman soldiers in order to discourage grave robbers. What Mary expected and what Mary found were two vastly different scenes, because when she arrived, the stone had already been moved. Jumping to a radical conclusion, she ran back to where the disciples were still grieving, and announced “They’ve taken the Lord and we don’t know where they’ve laid him.” To Mary, it wasn’t yet a resurrection. It was something…but she didn’t know exactly what.

     Upon hearing the news, two of Jesus’ closest friends, Peter and John, sprinted back to the tomb to see this for themselves. Sure enough, the stone was moved. One disciple was filled with fear, the other was filled with fervor; ultimately both men entered the tomb and discovered grave cloths – folded and lying on the ground. Grave robbers wouldn’t leave valuable linens behind; there was no other explanation. They didn’t need any more proof than this: Jesus was alive!

     The final installment of the story finds Mary, still hanging around the entrance to that tomb. She was confused; she did not make the same deduction that Peter and John did, so she was still trying to sort it all out in her mind. Isn’t faith like that for us, too? For some people, it comes so easy…so childlike. But for others, we need evidence; proof beyond a shadow of a doubt, that something is real. This is what Mary needed, and it is exactly what she was given.

     Bumping into a man whom she supposes to be the gardener, she asked if he knew where Jesus was. She was, in fact, speaking to Jesus but she didn’t have a clue…until he spoke her name. “Mary. Mary, it’s me!” And then she knew that her Savior had been raised from the dead. Mary…this branded woman of the night. This sinful prostitute who was never quite good enough to be accepted by the rank and file religious people of society…she was the first one to see the resurrected Savior face to face. And for 2000 years, we have been telling and re-telling this amazing story so that other sinful people just like us can hear, and believe, and have our sins washed away by his grace. This is why we celebrate today: because Jesus is alive, and our sins have been forgiven.
     You know, any pastor worth his or her salt knows that, on Easter morning, we are really speaking to two distinctly different congregations. Some of you have been in church so much this past week that you are receiving mail and phone calls here! Palm Sunday, Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, Easter Saturday. Good grief, why don’t you just move in! But others of you are here today under duress. You’re not really sure that you believe in God, and you brand those who do as “hypocrites.” Your presence here today is one of obligation, or curiosity, or boredom.

     I feel the need to speak to each group separately this morning, because one sermon will not do. One size does not fit all, when it comes to comprehending the story of Christ’s resurrection. So bear with me as I share a word to both groups of friends.

     First, to those of you for whom church attendance is rare; I’m glad you are here today. Thank you for taking the risk and coming into an environment that may seem very foreign to you. You may feel foolish because you don’t know when to stand and when to sit and when to sing and when to be silent. None of that matters to us. What matters is that you hear the Good News that was intended for you: that your sins do not keep you from God anymore. Author Max Lucado writes “God would rather die for you than live without you.” That is the Good News of Easter.

     John Donne tells the story of the early Spanish explorers who sailed from Europe to South America, and after many months of travel, finally sailed into the headwaters of the Amazon River, a body of water so great that they thought it was still the Atlantic Ocean. It never occurred to the sailors to drink the water because they assumed it was salty. Consequently, many of those sailors died of thirst. How ironic; they floated atop the largest body of fresh water in the known world, and yet they died of thirst.

     I think that is a fitting description of the hurting world in which we all live. We seek life from a multitude of sources, and each one of them leaves us thirsting. Money may make us content for awhile, but not forever. Relationships can give our lives meaning, but relationships are fragile, and sometimes they crash and burn. Success can’t do it, popularity can’t do it, drugs and alcohol can anesthetize us but they cannot give us Life. God’s unconditional love for us in Jesus Christ is the only source of Life I know of that can never run dry. If you are here today, considering what makes your life meaningful and worth living, may I suggest that you will find that answer in Jesus Christ.

     Now, to you who have been teethed on the Christian faith, you who are comfortable with our practice of praising and worshipping the Savior, Sunday after Sunday after Sunday, I have another message for you. Sometimes, in circles where the astounding truths and spectacular stories are told, it is rather easy to become bored with it all. I mean, Jesus is risen from the dead; we celebrated that fact a year ago, we’ll celebrate it again next year. Dead on Friday. Alive on Sunday. Blah, blah, blah. After awhile, it doesn’t seem so unusual anymore, does it?

     In his book Finding God in Unexpected Places, author Philip Yancey tells of the first time he and his wife visited Yellowstone National Park. Having lunch in a restaurant overlooking Old Faithful, they waited for the large digital clock on the wall to count down to the one minute mark before the geyser’s eruption. At the one-minute mark, every diner in the place rushed over to the window to see the spectacular event. It was then that Yancey turned around to see that not a single busboy or waitress was looking out the windows. Old Faithful had grown so familiar…so common, that it had lost its power to impress them.

     People, the Savior has risen from the dead. The grief that shrouded Good Friday is gone! The despair that gripped people at the moment of Jesus’ crucifixion has been replaced by unspeakable joy! Our sins are forgiven! Our eternity is secure!  How sad, when it becomes commonplace and boring! May this truth give you goose bumps today as it did the first day you believed it. Jesus is alive, and so, therefore, are we!

     But where do we go from here? On Monday morning, it’s back to routine for most of us. The bills that were on our desks last Friday will still be there tomorrow. The medical tests that concerned us last week will concern us next week. The war still rages, the economy still sags; unemployment, and addiction, and house payments all remain the same. None of this has been changed by the resurrection of Jesus Christ…but we have! The resurrection has the power to change how we look at all of life. The Savior has risen. Love has won out. Hope has been restored. Now this is life! This is really life! Thanks be to God. Amen.

     ©2003 Steven Molin

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Saturday, March 14, 2015

Doctrine of Justification


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Living Theology in the Metropolitan Chicago Synod
Evangelical Lutheran Church In America
Volume 5, Number 1
Lent 2000

Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification

Celebration of the Signing of the
Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification
Frank C. Senn and Scott Hebden
On October 31, 1999, in Augsburg, Germany, representatives of the Roman Catholic Church and the Lutheran World Federation signed the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification.  A Joint Celebration by sponsored by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago and the Metropolitan Chicago Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America at Immanuel Lutheran Church in Chicago, in which Francis Cardinal George and Bishop Ken Olsen led the five hundred-plus people in attendance through a recital of those statements in the Joint Declaration that “we confess together.”  Rather than a sermon, an address was given following the Office of Vespers by Pastor Frank Senn and Father Scott Hebden on the significance and implications of JDDJ.  That joint address is printed here.
JOINT ADDRESS:
PART I: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF
THE JOINT DECLARATION ON THE DOCTRINE OF JUSTIFICATION
Pastor Frank Senn
The deed has been done.  Earlier today in Augsburg, Germany – the site where the Augsburg Confession was presented in 1530 before the Emperor Charles V and the Estates of the Holy Roman Empire – representatives of the Lutheran World Federation and the Roman Catholic Church at its highest level signed a Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification.  Today, in local communities all around the world, Lutherans and Roman Catholics are gathering together, like we are doing tonight, to affirm and give thanks for this major step forward in our long road toward reconciliation.  We are very grateful to Pastor Robert Goldstein and the congregation of Immanuel Lutheran Church for hosting this celebration tonight.  This is an appropriate site for our celebration because this is a church which was committed to ecumenical cooperation even before it became fashionable.  Almost as a kind of pilgrimage, I invite you to visit the statues of Pope John XXIII and Archbishop Nathan Söderblom, two pioneers in ecumenical outreach, which have stood side by side in this sanctuary for many years.
At Augsburg in 1530, the Lutheran princes and their theologians proposed, as a message of comfort to consciences uncertain about the status of their salvation, that “we cannot obtain forgiveness of sin and righteousness before God by our own merits, works, or satisfactions, but that we receive forgiveness of sin and become righteous before God by grace, for Christ's sake, through faith, when we believe that Christ suffered for us and that for his sake our sin is forgiven and righteousness and eternal life are given to us.”[i][1]  This idea of justification by faith – that God, by grace, justifies unjustifiable sinners for the sake of Christ and grants them forgiveness and eternal salvation apart from any merit or effort on their part – had a profound affect on many Christian beliefs and church practices.  New understandings of one’s relationship with God, of Christian responsibility in church and society, and of the Christian hope altered a world view and culture.
The Council of Trent, meeting intermittently between 1545 and 1563, had to respond to this doctrine of justification by faith alone and the whole Reformation agenda.  It corrected many of the abuses that had earned the scorn of both reformers and humanists.  But of the doctrine of justification, Martin Luther had said that no concession or compromise could be made. “This is the article on which the church stands or falls,” he wrote.  The Tridentine fathers agreed that justification is important, but as one article of doctrine among others.  Furthermore, they believed that the reformers were ignoring the role of the transforming grace of the Holy Spirit in human life. Even though the reformers had spoken of faith active in deeds of love, the Council of Trent affirmed that only by the power of infused grace can Christians perform good works and grow in holiness.  There was a great theological divide between the ideas of the Christian being declared justified by God and covered with the “alien righteousness” of Christ in Baptism versus the transforming grace that enables Christians to cooperate with God in meriting their salvation.  This divide had church-dividing consequences.  Not surprisingly, Lutherans and Catholics condemned one another’s teachings.  It was fortunate that theological positions rather than persons were condemned, because the condemnations did not always hit the mark.  There were also theological developments, such as the teaching about the use of the commandments as a moral guide (the so-called “third use of the law”) in the Lutheran Formula of Concord in 1577, that might have opened up new possibilities of dialogue.[ii][2]  But the hardening of theological, political, and cultural differences made productive dialogue all but impossible in the sixteenth century – and for four centuries after that.  Only in the second half of the twentieth century have Christians learned how to listen respectfully to one another.
Father Hebden will speak about the convergence of views on the doctrine of justification that have taken place in the Lutheran-Catholic Dialogues of the last several decades.
PART II: HOW ECUMENICAL DIALOGUE ON JUSTIFICATION
REVISITED THE QUESTIONS OF THE REFORMATION PERIOD
Father Scott Hebden
The dialogue process began with Pope John Paul II's visit to Germany in 1980 and his discussion of the need for dialogue concerning liturgical and sacramental practice with Bishop Eduard Lohse of the Evangelical Church in Germany.  In 1981 the Joint Ecumenical Commission in Germany was established.  As the Commission themselves stated: “It was soon pointed out that these burning practical problems could not be dealt with unless the fundamental and hitherto insufficiently clarified theological questions were also clarified.”  Thus began a series of study groups monitored by the Lutheran World Federation and the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, which have resulted in the current Declaration.
As the theologians involved in the study groups reexamined the theological questions of the Reformation period, they brought with them several new perspectives which facilitated arriving at a common theological statement.
First, they were able to abandon the polemical theological method of the past, the method of defining one's doctrinal position by refuting the errors of one's opponent.  The polemical method particularly characterized the theology of the Reformation and Counterreformation period, exemplified in the Controverstheologie of sixteenth and seventeenth century Germany and the model of theological method in Robert Bellarmine's Controversies.[iii][3]  On the Catholic side, this polemical method reached its peak in the 1940s during the Modernist Controversy.  It was finally abandoned by the Second Vatican Council which was, notably, a Council which did not produce anathemas or doctrinal condemnations.
So the dialogue did not proceed by means of the identification of error, but by means of appreciation of the positive theological insights of both sides.  Thus the Joint Declaration states very significantly that the condemnations of the past do not apply to the theological views of Lutherans and Catholics as presently taught.  At the same time, the Declaration appreciated the fact that the past condemnations on both sides sought to identify theological errors which may possibly continue to exist throughout history and of which we must always be wary.
Second, the theologians involved in the dialogues came to their work with the advantage of historical distance and an appreciation of how paradigms function in the process of understanding.  We come to understanding by placing what we know into a framework or system of thought, a paradigm which enables us to understand and which may have to be revised as the process of understanding moves forward.  We proceed in this way because of the always limited character of human understanding.
Now, from our vantage point in history, we see clearly that the Lutheran and Catholic theology of the Reformation operated out of different paradigms through which they attempted to articulate the same theological insights.  The Catholic paradigm is often called a “metaphysical” paradigm which tried to describe the action of grace in the world using philosophical categories: how grace acts in human life and how we receive it.  The Lutheran paradigm is often called an “existential” paradigm which tried to describe the reality of the human condition under the power of sin and its solution: how we are totally dependent on God's initiative to save us from our sinful condition.[iv][4]
In the light of historical distance, we also see that these paradigms were significantly influenced by the historical moment and social conditions under which they were developed.  The Catholic paradigm arose during the medieval period in which the world was viewed as essentially a Christian kingdom in which people lived as subjects.  The Reformation paradigm grew up as that medieval world collapsed and human freedom moved into a new phase of development in the formation of independent nations and the idea of individual personal identity.
When we combine our appreciation of the role of paradigms in human thought with the Bible principle of the complementarity of gifts in the Church, we are given one of the basic principles of all ecumenical dialogue: “There may be a distinction between the doctrines of the faith and the manner in which these doctrines are expressed.  Differences in expression are not necessarily contradictory or mutually exclusive.”[v][5]
Finally, the theologians involved in the dialogues brought with them the fruits of Biblical studies as they revisited Reformation questions.  Protestants led the way in the development of Biblical studies and Catholics followed after the end of the Modernist controversy in the 1940s.  The process of reaching consensus was served by viewing the two doctrinal traditions once again in the light of Scripture.  Scripture study has given us a deeper perspective on how the theme of justification is related to other themes in the writings of Paul and also to the whole of Biblical revelation.
In the light of these new perspectives on the doctrine of justification, the Joint Declaration states the consensus that is reached: “Together we confess: By grace alone in faith in Christ's saving work and not because of any merit on our part, we are accepted by God and receive the Holy Spirit, who renews our hearts while equipping and calling us to good works.” (JD 15) 
PART III: THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE JOINT DECLARATION
FOR LUTHERANISM AND FOR CHRISTIAN UNITY GENERALLY
Pastor Frank Senn
We have achieved a basic consensus on the doctrine of justification that we are able to “confess together”.  We have clarified how our respective teachings related to justification can be understood in relation to this central affirmation.  Our Churches have declared that positions condemned by the Confessions and Canons of the sixteenth century do not apply to how justification is taught in our Churches today.  The Joint Declaration will now have to be received by our Churches at all levels.  People will have to determine whether what “we confess together” represents our contemporary faith, not how adequately it represents the faith of sixteenth century Christians.  Is this what we actually believe, teach, and confess?  And the Churches which officially subscribed to this Joint Declaration will have to be held accountable by each other to its faith-statements.
There don’t seem to be any practical consequences of signing this Declaration.  We’re not becoming one Church; we aren’t entering into full communion; we aren’t even at the point yet where we can officially share the Eucharist at one another’s altars.
But this doesn’t mean there aren’t profound implications of this Joint Declaration.  First of all, we need to admit that the mutual animosities over the last four-and-a-half centuries have often led to war and bloodshed as well as caricatures of our respective teachings.  Let this Joint Declaration clarify, first of all to our own people, what we teach in our own traditions as well as what we can confess together.  Let this be a teaching document that we can study together in our parishes and explore with each other the mystery of our salvation in Christ.
This Joint Declaration gives us an opportunity to move forward in our official dialogues from a new shared position.  Relationships between our Churches have warmed considerably over the last quarter century.  At the local level we have experienced tremendous cooperation in ministries and missions through covenants such as the one we enjoy between the Metropolitan Chicago Synod and the Archdiocese of Chicago.  But this Joint Declaration is the first act of agreement on a global level.  It sends a powerful signal to our people that a new day has dawned in Lutheran-Catholic relationships around the world.
For Lutherans this agreement must cause special soul-searching.  We have said that justification is “the article on which the church stands or falls.”[vi][6]  We agree now that this doctrine takes its place along with other articles of faith, such as the Trinity, Christology, and the means of grace (which is certainly the case in our Confessions).  But if we agree on this article, then we must affirm that the Roman Catholic Church is a standing church, not a fallen one.  And we must ask, from our point of view, whether other issues need to be church-dividing?
In the euphoria of this day, I believe we are entitled to envision the future of Lutheran-Catholic relationships on the basis of the conclusions reached in dialogues on other theological topics. Are there other issues that were church-dividing in the sixteenth century on which sufficient study has been done to enable similar joint declarations to be crafted?  I personally believe such a statement would be possible on the eucharistic presence and sacrifice.[vii][7]   Can we also envision a conversation on the papal office that builds on Philipp Melanchthon's statement, in a codicil to the Smalcald Articles in 1537, that if the pope would allow the Gospel “we, too, may concede to him that superiority over the bishops which he possesses by human right, making this concession for the sake of peace and general unity among the Christians who are now under him and who may be in the future,”[viii][8] and the invitation of Pope John Paul II, in his encyclical on Christian Unity, Ut Unam Sint, to join in finding a way “of exercising the primacy which, while in no way renouncing what is essential to its mission, is nonetheless open to a new situation?” (Par. 95)  Can we imagine the model of full communion, which we in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America are working out with other Reformation Churches, serving as a way of expressing unity in faith and mission with the Bishop and Church of Rome?  As I said, this is a day for dreaming.  But the dreams no longer seem quite so impossible.
It’s almost more difficult to imagine how the world’s Lutherans, in their autonomous church bodies, could act together on such an issue than to imagine the possibility of full communion between Lutheran and the Roman Catholic Churches.  But the very process of endorsing the Joint Declaration has pushed the member churches of the Lutheran World Federation into a closer realization of being a Communion of Churches than existed before.  Never before have we, as a global family of faith, established doctrinal agreement with another worldwide faith-community.  Now we know how to do it.
Finally, since justification concerns the message of salvation, being able to speak the same message in our world will advance the Christian witness.  Father Hebden will speak to the significance of the Joint Declaration for the Roman Catholic Church, but also to its impact on the Christian witness in the contemporary world.
PART IV: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE JOINT DECLARATION
FOR THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH
AND FOR ECUMENICAL WITNESS TO CHRIST
Father Scott Hebden
The Joint Declaration is significant for the Roman Catholic Church first of all because it is an expression of the ecumenical vision of the Second Vatican Council.  We are in the process of reception of that great Council and Catholics must continue to strive seriously to understand what it means to be a Church of the Second Vatican Council.
Second, I think that the Joint Declaration calls Catholics back to an appreciation of the very best in our theological tradition.  The heart of the theological question about justification involves the interaction of two great truths: the sovereignty of God in giving the gifts of grace to humans on the one hand, and the great dignity of human freedom on the other and humanity's vocation to cooperate with and to actively receive God's grace.
Catholics may remember our own theological history and the controversies about grace that took place within Catholic theology during the sixteenth-eighteenth centuries.  We may remember, too, that these controversies were never resolved.  The Church never took an official position in favor of those theologians who advocated for the sovereignty of God on the one hand, or for the centrality of human freedom on the other.  The reason for this is that we are face to face here with one of the fundamental mysteries of the Christian faith.  God is absolutely sovereign and complete, but out of love God desires to share the divine life with human persons who are created in the divine image and are given the unique dignity of freedom and participation in the workings of God's grace.  We must always hold both of these truths together if we are to be true to the mystery of faith and to the worship of God who always appears to us as a coincidence of opposites, uniting all things in divine love.
I would also like to suggest that for Catholics the Joint Declaration reminds us that it is still relevant to talk about soteriology.  Soteriology in theology is the truth of how we are saved.  It would be a mistake to think that the Joint Declaration merely allows us to lay aside some dusty old theological problems so that we can get on with the practical issues that are really important to us.  Remember that the justification dialogue began with practical concerns and it was determined that the practical issues could only be resolved on the foundation of soteriology – a clear apprehension of the truth of how we are saved.
The Joint Declaration is made public at a time when Christians in developed countries are increasingly becoming a minority.  We must be able to articulate the truth of how we are saved for a culture and for a historical moment that increasingly does not know the gospel of Jesus Christ.  The Joint Declaration can help us put this great truth into words for our time.  In an article in The New Republic several years ago, Wendy Kaminer described spirituality today as consisting of “the vaguest intimations of supernatural realities...simply religion deinstitutionalized and shorn of any exclusionary doctrines.”[ix][9]
The Joint Declaration reminds us that authentic Christian faith IS grounded in a clear apprehension of supernatural realities and the relationship of the truth of those realities to the transformation of human society.  As Lutherans and Catholics come together as a result of opportunities created by the Joint Declaration, it is to be hoped that we will do so in the Spirit of sharing in this common mission to bring Christ to the world.
From a Catholic perspective, this ongoing articulation of the truth of salvation also means that the doctrine of justification must be seen in the light of the Second Vatican Council's declaration that “it pleased God to make people holy and to save them not merely as individuals without any mutual bonds, but by making them into a single people.” (Lumen gentium 9)  This, too, is critical to our witness to Christ in the world.  It is absolutely essential, as the world moves toward a global society, that we come to understand how true human communion, the fruit of salvation, is rooted in the fundamental Christian teaching on the Trinity. The consensus reached in the Joint Declaration allows us to turn toward the broader theological issues of how justification is to be understood within the communal reality of the Church as people of God and sacrament of salvation, and also within the reality of the Trinity which is the model and source of the communion of love.
We are pointed in this direction by the clarifications offered in the Annex to the Joint Declaration.  There it is affirmed that justification “as an indispensable criterion which constantly serves to orient all the teaching and practice of our Churches to Christ has its truth and specific meaning within the overall context of the church's fundamental Trinitarian confession of faith.”[x][10] The International Lutheran-Catholic Commission in its 1994 document, Church and Justification, had already pointed out that, in the light of the Trinity, both justification and church must be seen as mutually indispensable criteria for the life of the Church.
 “Our faith encompasses justification and the Church as works of the triune God which can properly be accepted only in faith in him... We believe in justification and the Church as mysterium, a mystery of faith, because we believe solely in God, to whom alone we may completely consign our lives in freedom and love and in whose word alone which promises salvation, we can establish our whole life with complete trust.  Consequently we can say in common that justification and the Church both guide us into the mystery of the triune God and are therefore mysterium, the mystery of faith, hope, and love” (Church and Justification 5).
The Rev. Dr. Frank C. Senn is Pastor of Immanuel Lutheran Church in Evanston and Ecumenical Representative of the Metropolitan Chicago Synod.
The Rev. Scott Hebden is Associate Pastor of St. Philomena Catholic Church in Chicago and an adjunct staff person in the Ecumenical Office of the Archdiocese of Chicago.


[i][1] Augsburg Confession 4; The Book of Concord, ed. and trans. by Theodore G. Tappert et al. (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1959), 30.

[ii][2] See “Justification by Faith (Common Statement),” 63; Justification by Faith: Lutherans and Catholics in Dialogue VII, ed. by H. George Anderson, T. Austin Murphy, Joseph A. Burgess (Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, 1985), 38.

[iii][3] See the more detailed historical analysis by George Tavard in “Ecumenical Implications of Past Condemnations,” Ecumenical Trends 26:4 (April 1997), 57-60.

[iv][4] See Otto H. Pesch, “Existential and Sapiential Theology: The Theological Confrontation between Luther and Thomas Aquinas,” in Jared Wicks, ed., Catholic Scholars Dialogue with Luther (Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1970), 61-81; also John J. McDonnell, “The Agreed Statement on Justification: A Roman Catholic Perspective,” Ecumenical Trends 28:5 (May 1999), 72-73.

[v][5] The formulation of the principle is given by Edward Cardinal Cassidy, “The Meaning of the Joint Declaration on Justification,” Origins 29:18 (October 14, 1999), 282-83.

[vi][6] The phrase is Luther’s.  The closest a confessional statement comes to it is in The Smalcald Articles: “The first and chief article is this, that Jesus Christ our God and Lord, ‘was put to death for our trespasses and raised again for our justification’ (Rom. 4:25).... On this article rests all we teach and practice against the pope, the devil, and the world.” (II, 1:1, 5)

[vii][7] See, for example, The Eucharist.  Report of the Lutheran-Roman Catholic Joint Commission (Geneva: Lutheran World Federation, 1980).

[viii][8] Tappert, 316-17.

[ix][9] Quoted in J. Augustine Di Noia, “Joint Declaration between Lutherans and Catholics on the Doctrine of Justification: Some Observations from a Catholic Perspective.”  Address given at the CCET Conference, October 28, 1996.

[x][10] The Annex clarified the consensus reached in the Joint Declaration in the light of the resolution on the Declaration by the Lutheran World Federation of June 16, 1998 and the response by the Catholic Church of June 25, 1998.  See text in Origins 29:6 (June 24, 1999), 87-88.